Carburetor for internal combustion engines



May 9, 1961 e. R. MORTGN CARBURETOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Jan. 4, 1960 Anwm'or 61m QMoflon b ,my 77 dZM'c'rne Wvirmss W0 y 1961 G. R. MORTON 2,983,492

0 RBUR CARBURETOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Glen R. Morton, 7025 Sarpy Ave., Omaha, Nebr.

Filed Jan. 4, 1960, Ser. No. 146 Y 8 Claims. (Cl. 261-34) 2 This invention relates to carburetors for internal com- 2 in my claims, and illustrated in the accompanyingdrawbustion engines and more particularly to a carburetor having a control that actuates both the fuel and air intake means simultaneously.

The use of carburetors for furnishing an explosive charge to gasoline engines is old. In general, the purpose of a carburetor is to mix the liquid fuel, such as gasoline, with air and thereby produce an ignitable gas. Obviously, the efliciency of an internal combustion engine will depend on the proper mixture of the air and gasoline. Substantially any standard carburetor may be adjusted to peak efficiency for a given engine speed and/ or a given atmospheric pressure. The problem arises because carburetors have only one manual control, i.e., a butterfly throttle valve in the air inlet tube. The air flow through the air inlet tube is induced by the engine piston suction. Obviously, to make such a device operable it is necessary to first have a gasoline float actuated valve in the carburetor fuel supply and secondly a fuel pump to pump gasoline into the carburetor bowl.

'Such a carburetor must always be a compromise.

Therefore, one of the principal objects of my invention is to provide a carburetor having a single manual control that simultaneously progressively opens or progressively closes both the fuel and air supply conduits.

A further object of this invention is to provide a carburetor that has no float to actuate the fuel inlet valve.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a carburetor that will when calledupon todo so, furnish an additional liquid fuel charge to meet certain needed conditions.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a carburetor that provides fast acceleration, but one that also idles perfectly.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a carburetor that is highly efiicient in the mixing of fuel with air.

A further object of this invention is to provide a simplified lightweight automatic carburetor for gasoline or like engines.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a carburetor means for internal combustionengines that makes possible the reduction in the sizes of its combustion chambers.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a carburetor means for internal combustion engines that is' so etficient in operation as to reduce the pollution of the air by the exhaust from the engine.

Still further objects of my invention are to provide a carburetor means that is economical in manufacture and durable in use.

'These and other objects will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

invention consists in the construction, arrange ments, and combination, of the various parts of thedevice whereby the objects contemplated are attained as hereinafter,mercifully set; forth, specifically pointed Out ar ICC ings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of my carburetor and its control means;

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of my carburetor taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of my carburetor taken on line 3--3 of Fig. 1 and more fully illustrates its construction.

In the drawings I have used the numeral 10 to gen-- fuel supply pipe having one end communicating with the lower end of the passageway -11 and its other end adapted to be in communication with a source of supply ofv liquid fuel such as gasoline delivered by a suitable pressure pump means or by gravity flow. The numeral 13 designates a reservoir in one side top area of the carburetor housing as shown in Fig. i. This reservoir communicates with the upper end of the passageway 11. The numeral 15 designates a check valve imposed in the passageway 11. In the upper central area of the carburetor housing is a compartment 16 having a barometric bellows 17. Directly below the compartment 16, centrally located, and communicating with the bottom of this compartrnent 16, is a cylinder portion 19 having a diameter less than that of the diameter of the compartment 16.

The bellows 17 has a vertical center hole 20 and an inverted ring well 21. spaced apart from but embracing the center hole 20. The numeral 22 designates a passageway connecting the reservoir 13 with the inside of the bellows 17. The numeral 23 designates a check valve in the passageway 22 for preventing fuel to flow from the bellows back to the reservoir. Extending upwardly in the reservoir is a dam 25. Past this dam is a metering jet 26, communicating with the inside of the bellows and the reservoir past its dam as shown in Fig. l. The unmeral 27 designates a vertical pipe means extending downwardly in the center top of the housing 10. This pipe 27 has its bottom closed except for a valve hole 29.

The numeral 30 designates an elongated downwardly and inwardly tapered valve needle in the pipe 27 and having its lower end portion vertically slidable through the hole 29. Threaded into the upper end of the pipe means 27 is a cap screw 31. The numeral 32 designates a coil spring in'the pipe means having one end engaging the screw 31 and its other end bearing on the top of the needle valve 30. The numeral 33 designates a passageway in the housing having one end communicating with the reservoir 13 past its darn 25 and the inside of the pipe means 27. The numeral 35 designates a second pipe means having its upper portion slidably embracing the lower portion of the pipe 27. The numeral 36 designates 'a piston cup member slidably mounted in thecylinder 19 and capable of having its upper portion extend into the inverted well 21 of the bellows when it is in an upward sliding position.

eter of its top portion for limiting the downward movement of the pipe 35 and its cup 36. The cup 36 is secured at its inside central bottom to the lower end of the pipe means 35. The numeral 37 designates a postin the center bottom of the pipe 35 engaging the lower end of the valve needle 30. The numeral 38 designates a coil spring extending into the cup 36 of well'21 for yieldingly holding the cup and pipe 35 in lowered positions. The numeral 39 designates a plurality of downwardly and outwardly extending fuel jet nozzles communicating with the inside bottom of the pipe 35 and extending below the cup 36 and into the lower end of t ,,-the cylinder 19; Embracing the upper portion of the The cylinder 19 has its I lower portion of a diameter less than that of the diama tangent or angle to the cylinder 19 as shown in Fig. 3

for causing the air being sucked into the cylinder 19 to do so in a whirling, spiralling, vortex manner. The numeral 41 designates a post extending vertically downwardly from'the-bottom of the cup 36 and pipe 35. The numeral 42 designates a crank arm hinged to the lower portion of the housing having one end operatively connected to the post 41 and its other end operatively connected to the manual throttle rod 43. The bottom of the cylinder 19 is open for communication with the intake manifold of the engine except for a post 44 to slidably support the lower end of the post 41.

The practicable operation of the device is as follows: With fuel previously sucked or flowed into the carburetor, the passageway 1-1, reservoir 13, bellows 17, passageway 33, and pipe 27 will contain gasoline or like. When the rod 4-3 is manually moved forward it will accordinglyraise the post 41, cup 36 and pipe 35 against the yielding action of the spring 38. By this operation of parts, the post 37 will accordingly engage and lift the needle valve 30 permitting the fuel to pass through the valve hole 29 and into the pipe 35. From the pipe 35, the fuel will spray from the nozzles 39 into the lower portion of the cylinder 19. The mixing action will be excellent inasmuch as at the same time the needle was lifted, the cup 36 was lifted to progressively open and not block the air ports 40. Thus the cup 36 acts as the air valve and the needle 30 the fuel valve, and they both act simultaneously and in ratio to each other. They will both progressively open or progressively close with each other and such action will be actuated by the single manual rod 43. The carburetor is sealed except for the fuel and air inlets and the outlet of the mixed combustible engine mixture. The bellows 17 plays an important part, especially when the engine is rapidly accelerated. While it is a barometric bellows and is affected by pressure minus or plus, it is chiefly affected by the spring 38. When the rod control 43 is rapidly moved forwardly, the spring 38 will be placed under compression and this will tend to move the lower free end of the bellows upwardly, thereby and similar to that of the action of an oil can, squirt fuel under pressure through the jet 26 'and thence through the passageway 33, pipe 27, pipe 35 and through the nozzles 39. This auxiliary pressure charge of fuel liquid is sufiicient to meet the demands of rapid acceleration. This extra liquid fuel will however be only temporary and then other elements will take over to supply the gasoline. As soon as the engine is placed at idling or near idling speeds, the bellows will again expand and fill up with an auxiliary supply of liquid fuel. When the rod 43 is moved forwardly to raise the needle 36, it will be against the yielding action of the spring 3 2. By tapering the needle 30, the higher it is moved, the greater will be the amount of liquid passing through the hole 29. structure of my carburetor there is no need for a carburetor bowl nor a float actuated valve in the bowl. Also my carburetor therefore will function as shown or even upside down. It is not affected by inertia or centrifugal forces.

, Some changes may be made in the construction and arrangement of my carburetor for internal combustion engines without departing from the real spirit and purpose of my invention, and his my intention to cover by my claims, any modified forms of structure or use 'of mechanical equivalents which may be reasonably in- It will be noted that by the air inlet passageways in said housing communicating with the inside of said cylinder, a piston slidably mounted in said cylinder capable of progressively closing said air inlet passageways when moved in one direction, a manually actuated means operatively connected axially to said piston for slidably moving it in said cylinder, a liquid fuel supply means extendinginto the compartment of said housing, and a valve means communicating with eratively connected to said piston for slidably movingit in said cylinder, a liquid fuel supply means extending into the compartment of said housing, and a valve means communicating with said liquid supply means and located axially within said cylinder and operatively associated with said piston for simultaneous movement. I

3. In a carburetor, a housing, having a compartment, and a cylinder communicating with the inside of the compartment and adapted to be in communication with the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine, air inlet passageways in said housing communicating with the inside of said cylinder, a piston slidably mounted in said cylinder capable of progressively closing said air inlet passageways when moved in one direction, a means for yieldingly holding said piston in a position closing said air inlet passageways, a manually actuated means operatively connected to said piston for slidably moving it in said cylinder, a liquid fuel supply means extending into the compartment of said housing, and a valve means communicating with said liquid supply means and located axially within said cylinder and operatively associated with said piston for simultaneous movement.

. 4. In a carburetor, a housing, having a compartment, 3

air inlet passageways when moved downwardly and.

capable of progressively opening said air inlet passageways when moved upwardly, a liquid fuel reservoirin said housing adapted to be in communication with a source of liquid fuel, a pipe located axially within said housing and in communication with said reservoir, 21

second axial pipe slidably mounted on said first pipeand operatively secured to said piston, fuel nozzle jets extending into said cylinder, below said piston and communicating with the inside of said second pipe; said first pipe having a hole passageway in its bottom end, a valve slidable in said first pipe and capable of closing the hole passageway in said first pipe, a projection operatively associated with said second pipe capable of engaging and opening said valve when said second pipe is moved upwardly relative to said first pipe, and a manually actuated means for movingsaid piston. v

5. In a carburetor, a housing, having a compartment, and a cylinder communicating with the inside bottom of the compartment and adapted to be inbommunication with the intake manifold ofan internal combustion engine, air inlet passageways in said housing communicating with the inside of said cylinder, a piston slidably mounted in said cylinder capable of progressively closing-said air inlet passageways when moved 'down wardly andcapable of progressively-opening saidair'in let passageways when moved upwardly, a liquid fuel reservoir in said housing adapted to be in communication with a source of liquid fuel, a pipe located axially within said housing and in communication with said reservoir,

a second axial pipe slidably mounted on said first pipe and operatively secured to said piston, fuel nozzle jets extending into said cylinder, below said piston and communicating with the inside of said second pipe; said first pipe having a hole passageway in its bottom end, an elongated tapered valve needle slidable in said first pipe and extending downwardly through the hole passageway in said first pipe, a projection operatively associated with said second pipe capable of engaging and opening said valve when saidsecond pipe is moved upwardly relative to said first pipe, and a manually actuated means for moving said piston.

6. In a carburetor, a housing, having a compartment, and a cylinder communicating with the inside bottom of the compartment and adapted to be in communication with the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine, air inlet passageways in said housing communicating with the inside of said cylinder, a piston slidably mounted in said cylinder capable of progressively closing said air inlet passageways when moved downwardly and capable of progressively opening said air inlet passageways when moved upwardly, a liquid fuel reservoir in said housing adapted to be in communication with a source of liquid fuel, a pipe in said housing and in communication with said reservoir, a second pipe slidably mounted on said first pipe and operatively secured to said piston, fuel nozzle jets extending into said cylinder, below said piston and communicating with the inside of said second pipe; said first pipe having a hole passageway in its bottom end, a valve slidable in said first pipe and capable of closing the hole passagewayin said first pipe, 2. projection operatively associated with said second pipe capable of engaging and opening said valve when said second pipe is moved upwardly relative to said first pipe, a manually actuated means for movingsaid piston, a bellows in the compartment of said housing, a passageway connecting said reservoir and said bellows, a check valve in said last mentioned passageway, a jet communicating with the inside of said bellows and said reservoir, and a coil spring extending between said piston and one end of said bellows.

7. In a carburetor, a housing, having a compartment, and a cylinder communicating with the inside bottom of the compartment and adapted to be in communication with the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine, air inlet passageways in said housing communicating with the inside of said cylinder, a piston slidably mounted in said cylinder capable of progressively closing said air first pipe and operatively secured to said piston,' fuel nozzle jets extending into said cylinder, below said piston and communicating with the inside of said second pipe; said first pipe having a hole passageway in its bottom end, an elongated tapered valve needle slidable in said first pipe and extending downwardly through the hole passageway in said first pipe, a projection operatively associated with said second pipe capable of engaging and opening said valve when said second pipe is moved upwardly relative to said first pipe, a manually actuated means for moving said piston, a bellows in the compartment of said housing, a passageway connecting said reservoir and said bellows, a check valve in said last mentioned passageway, a jet communicating with the inside of said bellows and said reservoir, and a coil spring extending between said piston and one end of said bellows.

8. In a carburetor, a housing, having a compartment, and a cylinder communicating with the inside bottom of the compartment and adapted to be in communication with the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine, air inlet passageways in said housing communicating with the inside of said cylinder, a piston slidably mounted in said cylinder capable of progressively closing said air inlet passageways when moved downwardly and capable of progressively opening said air inlet passageways when moved upwardly, a liquid fuel reservoir in said housing adapted to be in communication with a source of liquid fuel, a pipe in said housing and in communication with said reservoir, a second pipe slidably mounted on said rst pipe and operatively secured to said piston, fuel nozzle jets extending into said cylinder, below said piston and communicating with the inside of said second pipe; said first pipe having a hole passageway in its bottom end, an elongated tapered valve needle slidable in said first pipe and extending downwardly through the hole passageway in said first pipe, a spring means for yieldingly holding said elongated needle valve in a closing direction, a projection operatively associated with said second pipe capable of engaging and opening said valve when said second pipe is moved upwardly relative to said first pipe, a manually actuated means for moving said piston, a bellows in the compartment of said housing, a passage way connecting said reservoir and said bellows, a check valve in said last mentioned passageway, a jet communicating with the inside of said bellows and said reservoir, and a coil spring extending between said piston and one end of said bellows.

inlet passageways when moved downwardly and capable of progressively opening said air inlet passageway when moved upwardly, a liquid fuel reservoir in said housing adapted to be in communication with a source of liquid fuel, a pipe in said housing and in communication with said reservoir, a second pipe slidably mounted on said References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,565,916 Durante Dec. 15, 1926 1,657,143 Arkley Jan. 24, 1928 2,269,276 Lichtenstein Jan. 6, 1942 2,340,820 Moseley Feb. 1, 1944 2,501,926 Beard Mar. 28, 1950 2,574,670 Sweeney Nov. 13, 1951 2,583,406 Arnold Jan. 22, 1952 

